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2026-08-07 存储财报后优先级:SNDK首选,WDC大跌仍排后

  • 数据时间:亚洲市场为2026-08-06正式收盘;美股为2026-08-06 13:46 EDT盘中;最新公司披露截至2026-08-07 01:46(UTC+8)
  • 研究对象:NAND、HDD、HBM、服务器与移动DRAM、NOR/SLC NAND;九家公司与中国未上市NAND平台
  • 报告类型:财报后投资研究、跨市场价格与条件式估值更新
  • 资料来源:公司IR与新闻稿、交易所文件、行业协会、产品页、TrendForce、Yahoo Finance、金十数据

结论与建议

最高优先级观点是:当前新增存储暴露只对SNDK启动低强度分批参与;SK hynix列第二,但当前不新增。WDC的财报质量强,但大跌没有自动创造最高赔率,当前新增资金不因跌幅追入WDC。

当前首选SNDK基于三组同时成立的证据:Q4收入环比增长51%、数据中心收入增长103%,FY2027 Q1收入和non-GAAP EPS中点继续环比增长17.7%和14.6%;8月6日13:46 EDT盘中价1280.15美元,较8月5日收盘低5.21%;同一时点Yahoo筛选值为forward P/E 4.71x,Q4调整后自由现金流50.35亿美元按市值机械年化约10.62%。价格驱动约占本季收入增量三分之二、84.6%毛利率处于周期高位,因此动作限定为分批参与,不把单季利润年化为长期价值。8月13日投资者日是下一次加减强度的硬检查点,不是开始行动的前置条件。

WDC列在SNDK、SK hynix和Micron之后。WDC Q4云端收入占89%、nearline出货209EB,下一季收入、毛利率和EPS中点继续上升;但盘中价460.15美元对应Yahoo forward P/E 14.68x,Q4自由现金流机械年化收益率约3.23%,均弱于SNDK的当前筛选锚点。WDC盘中较前收低11.37%反映风险重估,现有证据不足以把更大跌幅直接解释成更高预期收益。

亚洲正式收盘强化了分化:SK hynix、Samsung、Kioxia和CXMT分别下跌10.37%、6.30%、10.24%和4.31%,GigaDevice仅跌0.11%。LPDDR6证据仍按SK hynix官方开发验证、Samsung官方产品展示、CXMT行业消息、GigaDevice供应链敞口分级;产品新闻不替代盈利和估值。

优先级公司当前动作当前依据失效或降级条件
1SanDisk分批参与;已有仓位维持财报与下一季指引上修;forward P/E 4.71x;调整后FCF机械年化收益率10.62%Q1收入低于103亿美元、毛利率低于83%,或NBM现金与收入兑现显著背离
2SK hynix已有仓位维持;新增资金不参与HBM4量产、LPDDR6官方验证;149.5万韩元低于历史基准情景166.2万韩元约10.0%HBM4E良率/合同不达标,或capex后FCF恶化
3Micron维持,不扩大追价客户协议与RPO证据较完整;当前forward P/E 5.72xRPO、客户存款与收入/FCF不匹配,库存转升
4Western Digital已有仓位维持;新增资金不参与HDD经营与指引增强,但forward P/E 14.68x、FCF机械年化收益率3.23%弱于SNDKQ1收入低于40亿美元、毛利率低于55%,或nearline量价转弱
5Samsung作为集团持有;不作纯存储首选Memory、Foundry、DX、Display/Harman混合,需SOTPHBM4E仍停留送样,Foundry回报继续拖累
6GigaDevice维持;不新增385元较历史基准374元高2.9%,当前价格已覆盖基准改善H2扣非利润、存储毛利、现金流或回购执行低于框架
7Kioxia不参与NAND高弹性伴随高P/B和利润久期风险只有eSSD订单、QLC良率和资本回报共同改善才上调
8CXMT回避;已有高风险仓位降低暴露51.96元仍高于历史高情景42.76元21.5%,LPDDR6尚无公司确认经审计盈利、现金流或公司级LPDDR6商业证据显著超过原情景
不排名YMTC产业跟踪,不作股权动作无公开完整审计财务,无法建立可投资估值锚招股书、审计财务、产能与资本结构公开

历史研报承接

本报告由8月1日同主题研究继续原地滚动至8月7日,保留分区估值与已归档文章阅读器,并用SNDK、WDC财报、亚洲正式收盘和美股盘中估值筛选锚点更新当前判断。单公司和事件报告继续作为历史证据。

SNDK与WDC财报:经营超预期,价格审问利润久期

两家公司均在8月5日美股盘后发布财报。下表的“超指引”只与公司上一季度给出的区间中点比较,不使用未取得的FactSet/LSEG一致预期。

项目SanDisk(SNDK,NAND)Western Digital(WDC,HDD)
报告季度FY2026 Q4FY2026 Q4
收入89.65亿美元;环比+51%37.47亿美元;环比+12%
对上一季收入指引中点+12.1%+2.7%
non-GAAP毛利率84.6%;高于指引中点4.6个百分点54.4%;高于指引中点2.9个百分点
non-GAAP EPS39.25美元;高于指引中点24.6%3.56美元;高于指引中点9.5%
下一季收入中点105.5亿美元;环比+17.7%41.0亿美元;环比+9.4%
下一季毛利率中点84.0%;环比-0.6个百分点55.5%;环比+1.1个百分点
下一季EPS中点45.00美元;环比+14.6%4.00美元;环比+12.4%
8月6日13:46 EDT盘中1280.15美元;较8月5日收盘-5.21%460.15美元;较8月5日收盘-11.37%

SNDK:价格贡献最大,数据中心与消费端分化

Q4收入89.65亿美元,其中数据中心29.77亿美元、环比增长103%,边缘54.32亿美元、环比增长48%,消费5.56亿美元、环比下降32%。公司称环比收入增长约三分之一来自出货量、约三分之二来自价格。NAND景气由价格和企业级/边缘组合推动,消费端没有同步改善。

公司自4月以来签署10份NBM协议,并把新回购授权提高140亿美元、剩余授权合计155亿美元。Q4自由现金流70.83亿美元;剔除Flash Ventures活动并扣除19.38亿美元NBM预付款/押金后,调整后自由现金流50.35亿美元。NBM提高现金可见度,同时形成合同负债与退款负债,现金流需要按可退条款和收入兑现节奏继续复核。

GAAP EPS 43.97美元高于non-GAAP EPS 39.25美元,主要差异包括8.04亿美元权益证券收益。持续盈利判断使用non-GAAP经营利润、调整后自由现金流、价格/出货拆分和下一季毛利率,不把GAAP EPS直接年化。

WDC:nearline容量和利润率继续上行

WDC分拆后的经营主体是HDD。Q4收入37.47亿美元,云端业务占89%;nearline出货209EB、环比增长5%,总出货231EB、环比增长4%。最高40TB的下一代ePMR产品已经出货。收入增幅高于EB增幅,结合毛利率从上一季指引区间51%至52%升至实际54.4%,显示量、结构与单价共同改善。

Q4自由现金流12.81亿美元。公司同期回购6.72亿美元、支付股息0.54亿美元,合计约占自由现金流56.7%。GAAP EPS 8.21美元含20.50亿美元保留SanDisk权益收益,并被3.62亿美元债务和权益交易成本部分抵销;non-GAAP EPS 3.56美元和44.2%的经营利润率更适合观察HDD持续经营。

财报后下跌怎样进入估值与动作

财报和指引没有给出需求骤降证据。8月6日常规交易时段内,SNDK从1163.09美元低点回升至1280.15美元附近,仍较前收低5.21%;WDC从407.48美元低点回升至460.15美元附近,仍低11.37%。价格路径说明市场在压缩利润久期,但SNDK的承接强于WDC。由于缺少可核验一致预期和官方电话会文字稿,本报告不把下跌归因于某一句管理层表述。

SNDK下一季毛利率中点小幅回落,峰值利润留存率是首要变量;WDC下一季毛利率继续上升,首要变量是nearline EB、云端资本开支和40TB产品结构能否延续。当前动作采用两者相对赔率:SNDK分批参与,WDC已有仓位维持但新增资金不参与。8月13日投资者日和下一季业绩决定是否提高或降低SNDK动作强度。

亚洲收盘与LPDDR6进度

公司8月6日收盘/美股盘中产品映射读法
SK hynix149.5万韩元;较前收-10.37%HBM、DRAM、NAND、LPDDR6业务证据强、收盘低于历史基准情景,列第二优先级
Samsung23.05万韩元;较前收-6.30%HBM、DRAM、NAND、LPDDR6、Foundry维持集团持有,不作纯存储首选
Kioxia48,740日元;较前收-10.24%NAND、企业级SSD高P/B与NAND久期并存,当前不参与
CXMT51.96元;较前收-4.31%DDR、LPDDR5X;LPDDR6待验证高于历史高情景42.76元21.5%,回避
GigaDevice385.00元;较前收-0.11%NOR、SLC NAND、利基DRAM、MCU较历史基准374元高2.9%,维持但不新增
Micron盘中889.19美元;较前收-0.45%HBM、DRAM、NAND业务与合同证据较强,列第三优先级

Jin10在09:27记录A股存储芯片板块开盘走低,兆易创新等多只标的一度跌逾5%;兆易创新最终收385.00元,较前收仅低0.11%,日内区间363.70至394.88元。开盘冲击没有转化为同等幅度的收盘跌幅,正式收盘用于本次排序。

LPDDR6公开证据梯度

公司公开进度证据等级估值边界
SK hynix1c制程16Gb LPDDR6完成开发验证;较LPDDR5X速度+33%、功耗效率+20%以上;计划H2供货公司官方开发验证等待客户、出货和收入;可计技术执行,不能直接计收入
Samsung官方展示先进12nm LPDDR6,最高10.7Gbps,能效较前代提升约21%公司官方产品展示页面未确认客户验证、量产时点与收入
CXMT官方产品页目前为最高10667Mbps的LPDDR5X;行业消息称LPDDR6接近验证尾声、拟H2发布与量产官方现有产品 + 未交叉验证行业消息LPDDR6不进入收入和估值情景,等待公司公告与客户验证
GigaDevice2026年预计向CXMT采购自有品牌DRAM晶圆57.11亿元,2025年实际11.82亿元交易所公告的供应链事实采购准备与代工成本敞口不等于自有LPDDR6技术

LPDDR6对应移动、边缘和AI终端内存的带宽/能效升级。它与HBM共享先进DRAM产能和研发资源,但客户、封装、应用和价格体系不同。LPDDR6进展不能自动换算为HBM份额或数据中心利润。

五个经济分区

HBM4与HBM4E

HBM在技术上属于DRAM,商业属性包含客户共同开发、平台认证、logic base die、TSV、12/16-high堆叠、热管理和先进封装。NVIDIA Vera Rubin页面列示初步规格:单GPU 288GB HBM4、22TB/s,NVL72合计20.7TB HBM4;初步规格无法反推出实际订单或供应商份额。NVIDIA Vera Rubin NVL72

TrendForce的HBM产能研究估算,前三大厂HBM wafer input占DRAM总晶圆投入的比例由2025年末约18%升至2026年末22%、2027年末30%;HBM bit占比同期约8%、9%、13%。晶圆占用明显高于bit占比,通用DRAM供给受到挤压。

同一研究给出一个估值反例:2026Q1 HBM单晶圆收入和利润低于64GB DDR5 RDIMM。HBM年度定价没有同步反映通用DRAM的季度涨价,堆叠、base die和报废成本也消耗价值。HBM溢价来自认证黏性、未来增长和合同可见度,当前单晶圆超额利润尚未稳定成立。

服务器与通用DRAM

服务器DDR5、RDIMM、SOCAMM2承接AI服务器的CPU控制面、推理缓存和内存扩展需求。PC与手机DRAM仍受终端价格弹性约束。高价会提高整机BOM,客户可能推迟采购或降低单机容量。

TrendForce估算2026Q1全球DRAM收入约970亿美元,Samsung、SK hynix、Micron份额分别约38.5%、28.8%、22.4%。该份额是第三方口径,CXMT的全球第四和约7.67%份额使用其招股书口径,两个统计区间不完全一致。TrendForce 2026Q1 DRAM收入与份额

企业级3D NAND与eSSD

AI训练数据、推理上下文和高容量数据集推动eSSD需求。产品价值来自高层TLC/QLC、控制器、固件、耐久性和客户资格认证。Samsung、SK hynix/Solidigm、Micron、Kioxia、SanDisk、YMTC进入该分区。

Kioxia 2026年4月至6月SSD与存储收入1.1747万亿日元,管理层将价格与出货增长归因于AI数据中心。NAND的供给弹性、QLC迁移和合资产能高于HBM,估值久期需要折价。Kioxia FY2026 Q1

HDD与nearline容量存储

HDD服务大规模温冷数据、对象存储、备份与数据湖,单位容量成本和高容量盘构成竞争力;实时高性能访问仍由DRAM和SSD承担。AI基础设施会同时增加训练数据、推理日志与长期留存数据,WDC、Seagate等HDD厂商受益路径来自nearline EB、单盘容量和云端采购,而非NAND ASP。

WDC Q4云端收入占89%,nearline出货209EB,40TB ePMR已出货。HDD供给集中和产品资格周期延长利润可见度;云客户集中、采购批次、HAMR/ePMR迭代和单盘容量提升也会放大季度波动。

消费级NAND

手机UFS、客户端SSD和可移动存储依赖终端销量、渠道库存与价格。供应商优先分配企业级产品会形成阶段性紧缺;终端需求走弱或库存重建结束后,价格回落速度也可能更快。

NOR、SLC NAND与利基DRAM

该分区服务汽车、工业、启动代码、配置存储和嵌入式设备。GigaDevice是主要研究对象。公司为Fabless,2025年存储芯片收入65.66亿元、毛利率42.84%,该收入合并NOR、SLC NAND和利基DRAM,缺少分项拆分。GigaDevice 2025年报

分区需求驱动供给约束利润驱动主要风险
HBM4/HBM4EGPU/ASIC内容量与带宽先进DRAM、base die、TSV、堆叠良率、封装客户认证、层数、良率、合同价平台延期、客户集中、年度价格滞后
服务器DRAMDDR5、RDIMM、SOCAMM2HBM挤占晶圆、先进节点与认证ASP、容量、模组组合、cost/bit客户降低配置、库存转向
PC/手机DRAM换机与单机容量供应商优先服务器/HBMLPDDR5X/6与DDR5比例BOM上涨压制销量
企业级3D NAND/eSSDAI上下文、数据集、HDD替代高层NAND良率、控制器与固件TLC/QLC、容量与认证QLC供给过快、订单放缓
HDD/nearline云端数据湖、归档、训练数据留存高容量盘工艺、磁头/盘片、客户资格EB出货、单盘容量、结构与价格云客户集中、采购波动、技术切换
消费NAND手机、PC、零售存储与企业级产品争夺晶圆ASP、bit shipment、渠道库存终端走弱、库存重建结束
NOR/SLC NAND汽车、工业、嵌入式成熟制程收缩、认证周期紧缺、设计导入、车规/工业认证成熟产能恢复、代工成本上升

供需:2026至2027偏紧,2027至2028出现反转窗口

SEMI预计2026年存储300mm设备投资520亿美元、同比增长29%,其中DRAM约370亿美元、3D NAND约140亿美元。先进节点、HBM和高层NAND的复杂度会延迟有效供给,新投资同时为后续周期反转积累产能。

TrendForce在2026年3月的价格预测为Q2 conventional DRAM合约价环比上涨58%至63%、NAND上涨70%至75%。公司财报随后确认ASP大幅上涨,预测值仍保留第三方属性。

TrendForce的市场规模预测给出2026年存储市场8893亿美元、2027年超过1.28万亿美元的激进路径。报告不把这组预测作为基准估值;它用于显示市场已交易的高增长叙事。

供需主情景包含三个阶段:

  1. 2026年:价格、满产和产品组合共同拉高利润。
  2. 2027年:HBM与服务器DRAM仍紧,NAND在新增bit supply下先出现分化。
  3. 2028年前后:设备投资转为有效产能,长期协议和客户需求需要承接新增供给。

存储企业还能否按周期股估值

可以。存储制造仍然具备高固定成本、高资本开支、利用率与ASP共同驱动利润、库存和扩产滞后放大波动四个周期属性。HBM提高客户切换成本、认证壁垒和订单可见度,景气持续时间可能拉长;前道晶圆、良率、封装报废、平台迭代和客户资本开支仍会改变回报。周期估值继续作为底座,HBM只对已经量产、合同约束和capex后FCF可验证的利润获得结构性溢价。

分区周期属性主估值方法P/E的用途
HBM结构成长叠加DRAM周期分部SOTP、正常化EV/EBITDA、P/B与ROE辅助检查盈利久期;量产和合同证据不足时不授予成长股P/E
通用DRAM典型资本密集周期周期中枢利润、EV/EBITDA、P/B峰值期降权;低前瞻P/E先检查ASP和利用率能否持续
企业级与消费NAND供给弹性、库存和bit growth周期最强正常化EV/EBITDA、FCF、P/B低前瞻P/E可信度最低,必须扣维持性资本开支
NOR/SLC NAND与利基DRAM设计导入、代工和库存周期并存正常化扣非P/E、现金流与ROIC可以使用,需剔除公允价值和其他非经常收益
Samsung集团Memory周期与非存储业务混合分部SOTP、净现金与合并P/B交叉检查合并P/E只显示集团总利润,不能单独给Memory定价

8月6日美股盘中筛选锚点

公司盘中价/市值第三方forward P/EP/B历史EV/EBITDA最新季度FCF机械年化收益率当前读法
SanDisk1280.15美元 / 1895.8亿美元4.71x13.75x34.88x10.62%;使用调整后FCF最低forward P/E与最高现金收益筛选值,支持列为首选;高P/B和高历史EV/EBITDA要求折价处理峰值利润
Western Digital460.15美元 / 1586.1亿美元14.68x22.00x45.17x3.23%财报强但当前筛选赔率弱于SNDK,跌幅本身不足以升级为首选
Micron889.19美元 / 10042亿美元5.72x9.97x14.50x未在本次更新forward P/E低、合同证据强;历史EV/EBITDA仍显示资本化程度高,列第三

forward P/E的贡献者、口径和冻结时间没有披露,只用于同一时点筛选。EV/EBITDA是Yahoo历史口径,没有用最新季度重建;单季FCF机械年化也不是中周期预测。三组数值的共同用途是限制当前动作强度,不是生成目标价。

8月1日底稿的P/E反向检验

下表保留2026年7月31日收盘价与当时可获得利润分母的配对,用于检查8月1日研究的估值起点。SNDK 8月5日财报已使当时的第三方前瞻分母失效,其他前瞻值也没有同步刷新。韩国LTM截止2026Q1;CXMT和GigaDevice同时展示公司H1估计的机械年化值。跨市场财务截止日不同,不计算同业中位数。

公司LTM/最近完整年度P/E2026E或当前运行率P/E分母性质估值读法
Samsung21.22x5.63x;Naver页面显示6.00xFnGuide预计EPS 46,635韩元;当前价机械重算盈利预测跃升,集团SOTP仍是前置条件
SK hynix16.60x5.03x;页面显示5.00xFnGuide预计EPS 341,331韩元低P/E表达对峰值久期的折价;LTM尚未计Q2一次性处置收益
Micron18.60x5.35xYahoo第三方前瞻EPS 153.74美元RPO和HBM放量若转为FCF,5.35x才有承保意义
SanDisk43.67x5.70x7月31日Yahoo第三方前瞻EPS 212.95美元已被8月5日财报跨越,只保留为历史屏幕值
Kioxia46.08x7.56x Q1利润年化7.56x由Q1归母利润乘四,不是共识NAND季度利润弹性很大,单季年化不能替代正常化利润
GigaDevice A87.64x31.88x第三方前瞻;27.39x H1扣非年化H1扣非中点48.5亿元乘二比大宗存储更适合P/E;须剔除约20.5亿元公允价值等差额
CXMT1,925x报告归母;679x扣非32.82x H1扣非年化;40.11x基准正常化H1扣非中点55亿元乘二;基准正常化利润900亿元新上市与低基数令静态P/E失真;当前价仍高于上行情景
YMTC不适用不适用未上市、无公开完整审计财务只做产业跟踪

Naver Samsung估值页Naver SK hynix估值页说明,LTM EPS使用归属控股股东最近四季利润,预计EPS来自至少三家券商时的FnGuide平均值。Micron、SanDisk、Kioxia与GigaDevice的前瞻值来自Yahoo quoteSummary,接口没有给出贡献者数量和估计冻结日,因此报告称为“第三方前瞻估计”,不称为共识。

5倍前瞻P/E为什么仍可能不便宜

市场已经把2026年利润上升放进分母,同时对利润持续年限打折。若屏幕前瞻P/E为5倍,正常化P/E取决于这份利润有多少可以跨周期保留:

可持续利润占前瞻利润100%75%50%33%25%
对应正常化P/E5.0x6.7x10.0x15.2x20.0x

因此,当前5至6倍前瞻P/E的核心争议是盈利留存率。HBM量价合同、良率和客户认证若能让2026利润保留75%以上,全球龙头的屏幕估值偏低;ASP回落和新增供给使利润仅保留三分之一,正常化P/E已经回到15至18倍,估值优势大幅收窄。NAND的利润留存率通常应低于已验证HBM,通用DRAM居中,GigaDevice的利基存储与MCU需要用扣非利润和现金流单独判断。

P/E在当前阶段承担三项功能:显示市场使用的盈利跃升幅度、反推利润留存要求、与P/B和EV/EBITDA交叉检查。目标估值仍采用产品分区、周期中枢利润、资本开支后FCF和ROIC;只比较最低前瞻P/E会把利润峰值误读为安全边际。

全球公司

SK hynix:产品最好,价格要求也高

SK hynix 2026Q2收入79.3187万亿韩元、营业利润60.5426万亿韩元、营业利润率76%。HBM4在Q2量产出货并将在H2放量,HBM4E样品已交付;321层NAND成为主要生产代际。SK hynix Q2

约10家客户长期协议提高需求可见度,客户、最低采购、价格上下限和取消条款没有公开。估值给予HBM认证溢价,通用DRAM与NAND仍使用正常化利润。

情景2026E P/B隐含股价相对1,718,000韩元
下行2.5x1,278,274韩元-25.6%
基准3.25x1,661,741韩元-3.3%
上行4.0x2,045,208韩元+19.0%

2026E净资产来自第三方估计,Q2巨额利润会改变账面分母。区间承担反向检验功能。3.36x 2026E P/B在权益成本10%、长期增长3%的稳态框架下约隐含26.5%长期ROE。

Micron:合同透明度最高,峰值分母仍在

Micron FQ3 2026收入414.56亿美元、非GAAP毛利率84.9%、调整后自由现金流183亿美元。HBM4累计收入超过10亿美元;16份战略客户协议中14份按最低量价约形成1000亿美元RPO。Micron FQ3

RPO、客户存款、营业收入和自由现金流采用不同口径。客户存款属于融资现金流并可能返还。84.9%毛利率主要由价格推动。

当前估值锚点采用2026年7月31日收盘:股价823.03美元、股权市值约9,295亿美元,LTM P/E 18.60x、第三方前瞻P/E 5.35x;按LTM EBITDA 682.5亿美元与近似净现金237亿美元计算,EV/LTM EBITDA约13.27x。Yahoo Finance估值快照未披露前瞻估计贡献者数量和冻结日期,下表只把5.35x用作估值温度,并与7月31日时点保持同一口径。

估值情景LTM EV/EBITDA近似股权值相对7月31日股权市值9,295亿美元
当前锚点13.27x9,295亿美元0 / 0%
保守估值8x5,697亿美元-3,598亿美元 / -38.7%
中性估值10x7,062亿美元-2,233亿美元 / -24.0%
高倍数估值12x8,427亿美元-868亿美元 / -9.3%

三档都是倍数压缩检验,不代表相对当前股价的下行、基准和上行路径;即使12x的最高档也低于当时13.27x的当前倍数。8月6日13:46 EDT盘中价889.19美元进一步高于7月31日锚点,当前Yahoo历史EV/EBITDA为14.50x;本次没有把7月31日敏感性与新时点分母机械混算。若成熟周期倍数回到7x,在7月31日企业价值不变的前提下,可持续EBITDA需要约1294亿美元,约为LTM的1.9倍。

Samsung:HBM追赶兑现,集团折价需要拆解

Samsung 2026Q2合并收入171.5万亿韩元、营业利润89.5万亿韩元;Device Solutions收入127.5万亿韩元、营业利润89.2万亿韩元,Memory收入120.8万亿韩元。Samsung Q2

HBM4采用1c DRAM与4nm base die,已商业出货;HBM4E向主要客户送样。Samsung HBM4

当前合并P/B约2.91x、净现金约167.6万亿韩元。稳态框架约隐含23%长期ROE。Memory、Foundry、DX、Display/Harman需要分别估值,2.91x合并P/B无法直接证明Memory比SK hynix或Micron便宜。

Kioxia:NAND弹性被高倍数放大

Kioxia 2026年4月至6月收入1.767117万亿日元、营业利润1.270017万亿日元、归母利润8421.65亿日元;经营现金流8663亿日元、购置不动产厂房设备512亿日元。公司给出下一季度营业利润1.89万亿日元展望并宣布拆股和回购。

7月31日Kioxia收盘46,500日元,总股本548,015,088股,近似股权值25.48万亿日元;最新权益2.404万亿日元,对应约10.6x P/B。按6x正常化EV/EBITDA,当前价格要求约4.2万亿日元可持续EBITDA,约为推导LTM值的1.8倍。

SanDisk的8月5日财报与8月6日盘中价格已在前文独立复盘。当前筛选锚点为forward P/E 4.71x、P/B 13.75x、历史EV/EBITDA 34.88x与单季调整后FCF机械年化收益率10.62%;其中只有价格、市值和财报现金流是同一时点可直接核对的事实,forward估计与历史EV/EBITDA不构成完整新模型。

中国公司

CXMT:DRAM纯度最高,HBM商业证据为空

CXMT 2025年收入617.99亿元、归母净利润18.75亿元、扣非归母53.16亿元。DDR收入195.31亿元、LPDDR收入407.04亿元,两者合计占产品收入98.30%。公司预计2026H1收入1100亿至1200亿元、归母500亿至570亿元、扣非520亿至580亿元,并注明未经审计或审阅。CXMT最终招股书

招股书、问询回复和上市公告没有可验证的HBM产品、客户认证、量产收入、TSV或堆叠产品披露。基准与上行情景的HBM收入均为零。

2025年购买长期资产支出497.39亿元、经营现金流365.20亿元,简单自由现金流约负132.19亿元;年末长期借款1188.25亿元。价格与利润上升没有消除资本密集属性。

情景2027正常化扣非归母P/E权益价值每股值相对53.97元
下行600亿元10x6,000亿元8.97元-83.4%
基准900亿元15x1.35万亿元20.19元-62.6%
上行1,300亿元22x2.86万亿元42.76元-20.8%

7月31日53.97元、绿鞋前总股本约668.81亿股,对应总市值约3.610万亿元。H1指引中点机械年化对应收入2300亿元、扣非1100亿元,约15.7x P/S和32.8x P/E。该计算是敏感性,不是全年预测。53.97元按25x正常化P/E要求约1444亿元年利润。

P/B需要使用归属于母公司股东权益。2026Q1归母权益约817.24亿元,加IPO净募资约576.38亿元后的机械值约1393.62亿元,对应约25.9x P/B。把约1098.8亿元少数股东权益加入分母会低估上市股东P/B。

GigaDevice:利基存储组合,现价接近基准值

GigaDevice 2025年收入92.03亿元、归母16.48亿元、扣非14.69亿元;存储芯片收入65.66亿元、毛利率42.84%。公司提供NOR、SLC NAND、利基DRAM、MCU、传感器和模拟产品。

2026Q1收入41.88亿元、归母14.61亿元、经营现金流17.83亿元。H1预计收入约115亿元、归母约69亿元、扣非约48.5亿元;归母与扣非差额约20.5亿元主要来自证券投资公允价值收益。GigaDevice H1预告

情景2026扣非归母P/E权益价值A股每股值相对378.60元
下行80亿元20x1,600亿元228元-39.8%
基准105亿元25x2,625亿元374元-1.2%
上行130亿元30x3,900亿元556元+46.9%

公司已有A/H两类股份。7月31日603986.SH收378.60元,3986.HK收459港元;H股约占总股本4.74%。每股情景用于A股比较,H股需要按独立价格和汇率处理。

公司拟以10亿至20亿元回购股份,价格上限750元/股。回购预案 回购规模与执行价格需要后续月报确认。

GigaDevice与CXMT存在管理层和供应关系。GigaDevice 2025年向CXMT及其子公司采购约11.82亿元原材料;该关系不赋予GigaDevice对CXMT的控制权,也不产生可穿透的HBM利润。

YMTC:NAND产业纯度高,公开估值底稿缺失

YMTC官网将公司定位为3D NAND IDM,并列示2024年第五代TLC X4-9060量产、2025年第五代QLC X4-6080量产。YMTC公司简介

湖北证监局名单显示公司于2026年5月19日进入上市辅导。当前没有公开招股书和完整审计财务,本报告只保留产业跟踪,不给伪精确股权估值。

8月1日结构化辩论底稿

下表保留8月1日供需、估值反方和中国存储三套底稿的交叉结论。本次财报更新在其上新增SNDK、WDC与LPDDR6证据,不重新把旧辩论包装成当日新增材料。

争议多头证据空头证据父级裁决
HBM溢价客户认证、长期协议、晶圆挤出、Rubin内容量上升单晶圆经济性暂低于DDR5;合同与良率披露不足8x至10x正常化EV/EBITDA;连续验证后上调至10x至12x
通用DRAMHBM占用先进晶圆、服务器DDR5需求强ASP推动利润,设备投资增加后续供给5x至7x正常化EV/EBITDA,峰值利润回归
NAND久期eSSD承接AI上下文与数据集QLC迁移、合资产能与高bit弹性4.5x至6.5x;优质eSSD子分部最高6x至8x
CXMT稀缺性国产DRAM纯度、全球第四、低流通无HBM商业证据、资本密集、当前价高于上行情景HBM收入置零,采用8.97/20.19/42.76元三情景
GigaDeviceFabless、认证、扣非利润与现金流可核验H2改善已部分计价、产品不含HBM基准374元接近现价,等待H2验证

旧底稿的让步与反驳

  1. 估值反方接受2026至2027供需偏紧、认证和长期协议提高可见度;两年窗口没有自动延伸为永续利润。
  2. 产业正方接受低forward P/E可能使用峰值分母;Samsung、SK hynix、Micron、Kioxia、SanDisk、CXMT与GigaDevice的P/B不可直接排队。
  3. 中国存储线接受CXMT没有商业HBM证据,并纠正P/B使用归母权益;GigaDevice存储收入不能全部归入DRAM。
  4. 三方共同接受产业纯度与投资赔率分开排序。CXMT的DRAM纯度高于GigaDevice,当前安全边际低于GigaDevice。

当前基准与多情景

当前基准情景是“高位盈利继续,但证券回报按利润留存率分化”。它直接对应前文动作:仅对SNDK低强度分批参与,SK hynix列第二但不新增,Micron维持,WDC新增资金pass,CXMT回避并降低高风险暴露。上行与下行情景只改变动作强度,不撤销当前排序。

情景关键事实路径当前动作如何变化失效/切换触发
高盈利持续SNDK达到或超过Q1收入103亿至108亿美元、毛利率83%至85%;SK hynix HBM4E良率和合同兑现;Micron RPO转收入与FCF匹配提高SNDK与SK hynix的参与强度;Micron由维持转为分批参与;WDC只有在nearline量价和估值筛选同时改善后才升级价格/出货拆分、合同条款或capex后FCF不能支持高利润留存
高位平台(当前基准)SNDK毛利率约84%,WDC约55.5%;HBM/DRAM偏紧,NAND率先分化;估值压缩抵消部分盈利上修维持当前排序与动作:仅对SNDK低强度分批参与,SK hynix第二但不新增,Micron维持,WDC新增资金pass,CXMT降低暴露下一季收入、毛利率或现金流越过公司指引下限;合同价格连续转弱
周期正常化加速SNDK或WDC低于下一季指引下限;DRAM/NAND合同价连续转弱;企业级订单、库存或客户资本开支恶化停止新增并降低周期暴露;优先退出CXMT/Kioxia等安全边际最弱标的,再复核SNDK、SK hynix与Micron供给纪律恢复、库存下降、企业级需求和capex后FCF重新形成连续证据

催化剂、触发与证伪

对象正向触发失效条件复查节奏
HBMHBM4E量产认证、良率、合同最低量价、capex后FCFRubin/ASIC延期、良率不达标、合同价低于预期每季财报与平台发布
通用DRAMDDR5量价、库存稳定、HBM晶圆挤出延续合约价连续两季下跌、客户与供应商库存同步上升每季价格与库存
企业级NANDeSSD订单、资格认证、TLC/QLC成本下降HDD恢复、QLC bit supply激增、订单放缓每季Kioxia/SanDisk/Samsung业绩
SamsungHBM4E进入客户量产、Foundry base die放量仍停留送样、Foundry回报不改善季报与客户产品周期
SK hynixLTA条款和HBM4E毛利得到后续证据HBM4放量弱、capex后FCF恶化季报
MicronRPO转收入、客户存款与FCF匹配返还早于收入兑现、库存上升季报
SanDisk数据中心收入、NAND价格、NBM转收入、调整后FCF毛利率持续下行、消费端拖累、NBM退款负债上升8月13日投资者日与季报
Western Digitalnearline EB、40TB ePMR结构、毛利率与FCF云端采购放缓、EB与收入脱节、利润率回落季报
LPDDR6公司确认量产、客户验证、出货与收入停留在样品或行业消息、未形成客户量产公司公告与客户产品周期
CXMTH2 ASP、产销率、现金流;正式HBM披露扩产快于需求、FCF持续为负、仍无HBM商业证据半年报、季报、交易所公告
GigaDeviceH2扣非利润、存储毛利、经营现金流、回购执行毛利回落、库存应收恶化、非经常收益占比上升半年报、三季报、回购月报

空头框架的证伪条件更严格:新增产能释放后,HBM、DRAM、NAND连续四个季度维持高毛利;长期协议具有明确最低量价和取消赔偿;HBM单晶圆经济性持续高于DDR5;资本开支上升期间FCF仍为正且库存天数不升。满足后,HBM正常化倍数可上调。

当前行情与估值温度

公司代码最新快照估值温度
SanDiskSNDK美股盘中1280.15美元;较前收-5.21%财报、下一季指引和当前筛选赔率共同支持首选
Western DigitalWDC美股盘中460.15美元;较前收-11.37%HDD经营改善,但当前估值与FCF筛选弱于SNDK
MicronMU美股盘中889.19美元;较前收-0.45%合同证据强、forward P/E低,历史EV/EBITDA仍高
SK hynix000660.KS149.5万韩元;较前收-10.37%HBM/LPDDR6官方证据最强,列第二优先级
Samsung005930.KS23.05万韩元;较前收-6.30%集团SOTP仍是前置条件
Kioxia285A.T48,740日元;较前收-10.24%与SNDK共同承受NAND利润留存率压力,当前pass
CXMT688825.SH51.96元;较前收-4.31%高于历史高情景42.76元约21.5%,回避
GigaDevice A603986.SH385.00元;较前收-0.11%较历史基准374元高约2.9%,维持但不新增

美股为8月6日13:46 EDT盘中价,亚洲为8月6日正式收盘,交易时区不同。该表用于当前价格与估值锚定,不据此生成未经证实的事件归因。

快讯、文章与研报页内阅读

金十快讯

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A股存储芯片板块开盘走低

快讯正文

A股存储芯片板块开盘走低,普冉股份跌逾6%,兆易创新等多只标的跌逾5%。

证据限制:这是开盘时点;11:08附近兆易创新已回到前收之上,快讯不代表全天走势,也不提供下跌归因。

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行业消息称长鑫LPDDR6接近验证尾声

快讯正文

行业消息称长鑫LPDDR6接近研发验证尾声,预计2026年下半年发布并导入量产;报道规格包括12800Mbps设计速率、10667Mbps SoC基础速率、16Gb容量与1295-ball PoP。

证据限制:未获得长鑫公司公告、客户验证或量产收入交叉确认;正文只把它列为监控项。

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兆易创新拟回购10亿至20亿元

快讯正文

兆易创新公告拟以10亿至20亿元回购公司股份,价格上限750元/股,期限为股东会审议通过后6个月。

证据限制:已由2026-08-01上交所回购预案交叉核验;预案不等于已实施。

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铠侠利润与展望低于市场预期

快讯正文

快讯记录铠侠季度营业利润1.27万亿日元,低于市场预期,并披露股票分拆和回购计划。

证据限制:财务绝对值、展望和资本动作已由铠侠2026Q1官方文件核验;市场预期仍属媒体口径。

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铠侠一季度NAND单价环比上涨70%

快讯正文

铠侠称第一季度NAND闪存单价环比上涨70%。

证据限制:单价变化为公司管理层口径;不能代表行业全部产品和后续季度。

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韩国存储股在极端波动后反弹

快讯正文

快讯记录KOSPI于7月31日上涨17.91%,SK hynix触及30%涨停,Samsung上涨近27%;该指数7月累计下跌22.4%。

证据限制:仅用于说明估值时点波动,不能证明基本面改善或构成交易信号。

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2027年DRAM与NAND供需走势可能分化

快讯正文

金十存储要闻引用集邦咨询观点:2027年DRAM供给继续偏紧,NAND Flash趋于宽松。

证据限制:摘要型二次转述;正文只作为反向雷达,估值不以此单一快讯为依据。

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三星拟用多年协议覆盖六至七成产能

快讯正文

三星电子计划通过多年期合同覆盖约60%至70%总产能,并在长期供应协议中设置最低价格。

证据限制:两条快讯合并为同一电话会事实;产品范围、客户和取消条款未披露。

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三星预计HBM4占下半年HBM收入六成

快讯正文

三星电子预计2026H2 HBM4收入约占整体HBM收入60%。

证据限制:电话会口径;公司未披露HBM收入绝对值、份额和客户级良率。

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SK海力士下半年扩大HBM4生产

快讯正文

SK海力士披露HBM4已在2026Q2量产出货,并将在下半年扩大生产;HBM4E样品已在上半年交付。

证据限制:已由SK hynix官方Q2业绩交叉核验;没有分产品收入、客户和良率。

文章与研报

来源发布日期站内阅读状态
TrendForce2026-06-02HBM定价权转向供应商原文与中文摘要已归档
TrendForce2026-06-01DRAM涨价推升一季度收入原文与中文摘要已归档
TrendForce2026-03-31服务器挤压DRAM与NAND供给原文与中文摘要已归档
TrendForce2026-05-29智能代理推高存储需求预期原文与中文摘要已归档
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HBM定价权转向供应商

重要性4/5 高

直接关联三大内存供应商的HBM定价权和产能分配,并给出2027年容量与晶圆投入预测;发布时间较早且数据为机构估算。

中文摘要

核心结论

TrendForce认为,传统DRAM供应偏紧与HBM(高带宽内存)年度定价机制的错位,正促使供应商在2027年HBM4供货谈判中寻求显著提价。AI芯片单颗内存容量上升和HBM对晶圆产能的占用,构成其判断的两条证据链。

重要性评级

评级:4/5(高)

文章直接覆盖SK海力士、三星电子与美光科技(MU)的HBM盈利、产能分配和2027年合同价格预期;但发布于06/02(未给出具体时刻),属于中期行业框架而非当日新增报价。

关键事实

  • TrendForce称,传统DRAM价格自2025年下半年大涨,供需趋紧;HBM采用年度合同定价,季度市场价格上涨未能及时传导至合同价。
  • 进入2026年第二季度,采购方与供应商已转向2027年HBM4供货协议谈判。
  • 按晶粒面积、良率和每Gb价格估算,2026年第一季度HBM单片晶圆收入已低于64GB DDR5 RDIMM(服务器内存模组),其盈利能力同期也落后于该产品。
  • AI专用集成电路在2026年将把单芯片HBM容量从96GB或192GB提高至216GB或288GB;英伟达Rubin平台单颗GPU的容量大致持平,但出货量增长仍增加总需求。
  • TrendForce预计,2027年Rubin Ultra单颗GPU的HBM容量将升至384GB,Google TPU等AI专用芯片的部署量也将增加HBM比特需求。
  • 三大供应商的HBM晶圆投入占全部DRAM晶圆投入比例,预计由2025年末约18%升至2026年末22%、2027年末30%;HBM比特供给占比同期约为8%、9%和13%。

作者观点与证据

文章判断2027年HBM价格存在强上行空间,理由是下一代产品晶粒更大、需求增加且传统DRAM产能被挤占。价格倍数、需求增幅与盈利比较均为TrendForce研究估算,文中未披露客户合同、逐项报价或供应商产能数据,需等待实际谈判与出货验证。

与相关标的的关系

SK海力士(000660.KS)、三星电子(005930.KS)和美光科技(MU)均为三大DRAM供应商,文章直接涉及其HBM与传统DRAM之间的产能、利润和合同定价取舍。长鑫存储(688825.SS)被列为相关标的,但原文未提供其专属经营数据。

时效性与限制(仅在有新增信息时)

文章发布于06/02(未给出具体时刻),检索时间为美东时间 07/31 23:21(UTC+8 08/01 11:21)。这是研究机构新闻稿,结论主要是预测,且早于07月底同机构关于2027年DRAM与NAND供需分化的更新材料。

后续跟踪

  • 2027年HBM4合同的实际价格、供货期限与客户覆盖范围。
  • Rubin Ultra及Google TPU的量产节奏和单芯片HBM配置。
  • 64GB DDR5 RDIMM与HBM的单片晶圆收入差距。
  • 三大供应商HBM晶圆投入占比是否接近22%与30%的预测路径。

证据限制:Original text is extracted for private station-internal report reading under configured access protection.;晶圆投入、bit占比和单晶圆经济性为TrendForce估算,不能直接换算公司利润或目标价。

原文
Tight DRAM Supply Gives Suppliers Greater Pricing Power in HBM, with HBM Contract Prices Expected to Surge Multiples Higher in 2027, Says TrendForce

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Tight DRAM Supply Gives Suppliers Greater Pricing Power in HBM, with HBM Contract Prices Expected to Surge Multiples Higher in 2027, Says TrendForce

2 June 2026

Semiconductors

TrendForce

Sharp increases in conventional DRAM prices since the second half of 2025 have reflected an increasingly tight supply-demand environment. However, the annual pricing mechanism adopted by the three major suppliers for HBM has prevented contract prices from fully reflecting quarterly market price increases in a timely manner, according to TrendForce’s latest research.

As the market enters 2Q26, negotiations between buyers and suppliers have shifted toward HBM4 supply agreements for 2027, which is expected to become the market’s mainstream project generation.

Based on TrendForce’s analysis of per-wafer revenue for HBM and conventional DRAM—estimated using die size, yield rates, and per-Gb pricing—HBM wafer revenue was overtaken by DDR5 64GB RDIMM in 1Q26. This has led HBM profitability to also fall below that of DDR5 64GB RDIMM since 1Q26.

Consequently, suppliers are expected to adjust production allocation between HBM and conventional DRAM depending on HBM pricing outcomes. This ensures that HBM remains the core memory component supporting AI training and inference infrastructure. The dynamic is also expected to drive broader demand across the AI ecosystem, including RDIMMs, server LPDDR, and conventional DRAM used in edge devices.

AI ASICs to drive HBM demand growth in 2026; Rubin Ultra and AI ASICs to further accelerate demand in 2027

Accelerated AI infrastructure deployment is expected to sustain strong HBM demand growth through 2026 and 2027, although the key demand drivers will differ between the two years.

In 2026, HBM demand growth will primarily be driven by AI ASIC capacity upgrades, with HBM capacity per AI chip increasing significantly from 96GB/192GB to 216GB/288GB. Although HBM capacity per GPU in NVIDIA’s Rubin platform is expected to remain similar to the previous generation, higher shipment volumes will continue lifting overall demand.

In 2027, NVIDIA’s Rubin Ultra platform is expected to further increase HBM capacity per GPU to 384GB. At the same time, AI ASIC platforms such as Google TPU are projected to further amplify HBM bit demand through rising deployment volumes.

TrendForce estimates that HBM wafer input among the top three suppliers will account for approximately 18%, 22%, and 30% of total DRAM wafer input by the end of 2025, 2026, and 2027, respectively. Meanwhile, HBM bit supply is expected to represent approximately 8%, 9%, and 13% of total DRAM bit supply during the same period.

Overall, as HBM generations continue evolving in 2027, with larger die sizes and simultaneously rising demand, the crowding-out effect on conventional DRAM capacity is expected to intensify further. This will provide suppliers with strong justification for raising HBM prices and strengthen their pricing power in HBM negotiations next year.

For more information on TrendForce’s semiconductor reports and market data, please visit the  Report Page , or  Email  (SR_MI@trendforce.com) the Sales Department.

For more on the latest technology industry news and trends, please visit  News .

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DRAM涨价推升一季度收入

重要性4/5 高

提供三大DRAM供应商的季度收入、份额及近期合同价预测,直接服务内存板块比较;但实际数据窗口截至第一季度。

中文摘要

核心结论

TrendForce称,传统DRAM合同价在2026年第一季度环比上涨约93%至98%,带动行业收入环比增长81%至970亿美元;供应紧张与服务器优先配给支撑其对第二季度合同价再涨58%至63%的预测。三星、SK海力士和美光科技的收入增长路径存在产品组合差异。

重要性评级

评级:4/5(高)

文章直接给出三星电子、SK海力士和美光科技(MU)的季度收入、份额与价格展望,且覆盖DRAM行业的供给约束;发布于06/01(未给出具体时刻),对08/01日报而言需与更新价格数据交叉核验。

关键事实

  • TrendForce调查显示,2026年第一季度传统DRAM合同价环比上涨约93%至98%,行业收入环比增长81%至970亿美元。
  • 供应商库存仍处于极低水平,新增供给优先流向AI服务器所需的高容量RDIMM,个人电脑整机厂与智能手机厂商可获得的产品受限。
  • TrendForce预计2026年第二季度传统DRAM合同价将再环比上涨58%至63%,理由包括云服务商接受涨价、其他客户为保证配额跟随采购。
  • 三星电子第一季度DRAM收入为373.2亿美元,环比增长93.4%,份额升至38.5%;文章称其服务器DRAM收入贡献最高。
  • SK海力士第一季度收入279.8亿美元,环比增长62.5%,份额28.8%;HBM比特出货占比最高,但2026年HBM合同价下滑部分压低其整体平均售价增幅。
  • 美光科技第一季度收入217.5亿美元,环比增长81.6%,份额维持22.4%。
  • 南亚科技、华邦电子与力积电继续供应成熟制程DRAM;南亚科技收入环比增60%至15.5亿美元,华邦电子环比增91.4%至近5.68亿美元。

作者观点与证据

文章把收入上升主要归因于合同价快速上涨、低库存和高利润服务器产品的产能优先级,并以厂商季度收入与份额支持。第二季度价格区间为TrendForce预测,原文未列示合同样本、地区价格或各厂商实际出货量。

与相关标的的关系

三星电子(005930.KS)、SK海力士(000660.KS)和美光科技(MU)均有直接收入与份额数据。对SK海力士,文中明确指出HBM合同价下降曾抑制整体平均售价;对三星和美光,原文没有拆分具体产品的价格与出货贡献。长鑫存储(688825.SS)仅在相关标的列表中,未获专门讨论。

时效性与限制(仅在有新增信息时)

文章发布于06/01(未给出具体时刻),检索时间为美东时间 07/31 23:21(UTC+8 08/01 11:21)。数据描述的是第一季度结果及第二季度预测,不能替代第二季度或第三季度的实际合同价、收入和市占率。

后续跟踪

  • 第二季度传统DRAM合同价是否落在58%至63%的环比预测区间。
  • 三星、SK海力士与美光的服务器DRAM出货、平均售价和库存变化。
  • HBM合同价变化对SK海力士整体平均售价的影响。
  • 个人电脑与手机客户的配额满足率及终端需求对采购的反馈。

证据限制:Original text is extracted for private station-internal report reading under configured access protection.

原文
Rapid Contract Price Surge Drives 1Q26 DRAM Industry Up 81% QoQ, Says TrendForce

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Rapid Contract Price Surge Drives 1Q26 DRAM Industry Up 81% QoQ, Says TrendForce

1 June 2026

Semiconductors

TrendForce

TrendForce’s latest survey reveals that the memory industry experienced a significant boost in 1Q26 due to rapidly rising contract prices for conventional DRAM, which increased by approximately 93% to 98% QoQ. This surge contributed to an overall industry revenue increase of 81% QoQ, reaching $97 billion.

As AI applications evolve from focusing on LLM training to AI inference, CSP data centers are shifting their deployment priorities from AI-specific servers to general-purpose servers. This shift is expanding memory procurement needs beyond just HBM3e, LPDDR5X, and high-capacity RDIMMs to include RDIMM products with a broader range of capacities.

In the second quarter, inventory levels at DRAM suppliers remain extremely low, while incremental supply is prioritized for high-capacity RDIMMs for AI servers. This limits product availability for PC OEMs and smartphone vendors. As a result, bit shipment growth for conventional DRAM is expected to remain constrained.

On the pricing side, CSPs have shown a greater willingness to accept price increases, which has prompted other customers to follow suit to secure supply allocations. TrendForce therefore expects conventional DRAM contract prices to rise another 58–63% QoQ in 2Q26.

Samsung retained its leading position in 1Q26, benefiting from the strongest ASP growth among the top three DRAM vendors. The company also maintained the highest server DRAM revenue contribution, driving quarterly revenue up 93.4% QoQ to $37.32 billion and increasing market share to 38.5%.

hynix, which recorded the highest HBM bit shipment mix among the top three suppliers, saw overall ASP growth partially constrained by declining HBM contract prices in 2026. The company posted 1Q26 revenue of $27.98 billion, up 62.5% QoQ, ranking second with a 28.8% market share. Micron ranked third, with quarterly revenue surging 81.6% QoQ to $21.75 billion, while maintaining a stable 22.4% market share.

TrendForce notes that the upward momentum in conventional DRAM contract prices persisted throughout 1Q26, with the top three suppliers continuing to prioritize production and shipments toward higher-priced, higher-margin server applications.

Suppliers are expected to rely primarily on process migrations to expand bit output in 2026, given the increasingly tight supply environment and the time required for new cleanroom construction. Meanwhile, wafer input growth will remain limited to incremental gains achieved through manufacturing optimization.

Taiwan-based suppliers Nanya, Winbond, and PSMC continue to focus on mature-node DRAM products to fill market gaps left by the top three suppliers as they transition toward advanced process technologies. Nanya significantly reduced inventory during the quarter, while sharp increases in DDR4 and DDR3 contract prices drove revenue up 60% QoQ to $1.55 billion.

Winbond expanded shipments of DDR4 and LPDDR4 products in 1Q26, lifting quarterly revenue 91.4% QoQ to nearly $568 million. PSMC’s revenue from its internally produced consumer DRAM products rose 29.9% QoQ to $43 million, while total revenue, which includes foundry operations, increased 19.3% QoQ. Following its licensing agreement for Micron’s process technology, PSMC is expected to aggressively expand supply capacity going forward.

For more information on TrendForce’s semiconductor reports and market data, please visit the  Report Page , or  Email  (SR_MI@trendforce.com) the Sales Department.

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服务器挤压DRAM与NAND供给

重要性3/5 中

同时覆盖DRAM与NAND的价格和产能挤压逻辑,标的覆盖广;但属于3月底对第二季度的预测,时效性较弱。

中文摘要

核心结论

TrendForce在03/31(未给出具体时刻)预计,AI服务器需求和云服务商长期协议将令2026年第二季度传统DRAM合同价环比上涨58%至63%、NAND Flash(闪存)合同价上涨70%至75%。其论点依赖于供应商将产能转向HBM、服务器DRAM和企业级固态硬盘,消费端供给被压缩。

重要性评级

评级:3/5(中)

文章同时覆盖DRAM和NAND的第二季度价格框架,并直接关联三星电子、SK海力士、美光科技(MU)和闪迪(SNDK);但预测发布于03/31,距08/01已有四个月,阅读价值主要在验证后续实际价格是否兑现。

关键事实

  • TrendForce预计2026年第二季度传统DRAM合同价环比上涨58%至63%,NAND Flash合同价环比上涨70%至75%。
  • DRAM供应商将产能调往HBM和服务器应用,高容量RDIMM成为北美云服务商部署AI推理与通用服务器时的重点采购产品。
  • 供应商正与关键客户协商长期协议,以支持未来扩产;文章称近期供给仍紧。
  • 个人电脑DRAM系统需求被下调,但供应商减少对个人电脑整机厂和模组厂的出货,配额不足的客户被迫以更高价格采购。
  • 企业级固态硬盘需求受生成式AI规模化应用推动;TrendForce认为显著新增NAND产能要到2027年底或2028年才可能出现。
  • NAND供应商通过制程升级和提高QLC(四层单元)占比增加比特产出,但文章称增量有限;客户预期客户端固态硬盘继续涨价,出现补库存行为。
  • eMMC(嵌入式多媒体存储)与UFS(通用闪存存储)因与企业级固态硬盘共享制程产能、利润较低,被描述为供需缺口最紧的细分之一。

作者观点与证据

文章认为服务器和企业级存储的利润优先级会持续推高多个内存品类价格,证据是产能再配置、长期协议、客户配额与终端产品容量调整。所有价格区间和产能时点均为TrendForce调查预测,未披露长期协议条款、供应商产能利用率或各品类的实际成交价格。

与相关标的的关系

三星电子(005930.KS)、SK海力士(000660.KS)和美光科技(MU)是DRAM与NAND供给重配的直接受益相关主体;闪迪(SNDK)直接关联NAND供需与企业级固态硬盘价格。铠侠(285A.T)及其他列表标的受NAND行业框架影响,但原文未提供公司层面的收入、份额或合同数据。

时效性与限制(仅在有新增信息时)

文章发布于03/31(未给出具体时刻),检索时间为美东时间 07/31 23:21(UTC+8 08/01 11:21)。其核心预测针对2026年第二季度,需用其后实际合同价、企业级固态硬盘订单和产能扩张进度验证。

后续跟踪

  • 第二季度DRAM及NAND实际合同价与预测区间的差异。
  • 北美云服务商长期协议的覆盖期限、容量和产品结构。
  • 企业级固态硬盘与客户端固态硬盘的供货及库存变化。
  • 2027年底至2028年NAND新增产能的实际投放节奏。

证据限制:Original text is extracted for private station-internal report reading under configured access protection.;属于发布时点的第三方预测;不作为公司已实现价格。

原文
AI Server Demand to Drive Memory Contract Price Increases in 2Q26 as CSPs Secure Supply via Long-Term Agreements

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AI Server Demand to Drive Memory Contract Price Increases in 2Q26 as CSPs Secure Supply via Long-Term Agreements

31 March 2026

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TrendForce

  • Conventional DRAM contract prices expected to rise 58–63% QoQ in 2Q26; NAND Flash contract prices up 70–75% QoQ
  • DRAM suppliers keep reallocating capacity toward server-related applications. Despite downside risks in certain end-market demand, overall supply remains tight, and prices continue to trend upward
  • NAND capacity is increasingly allocated to enterprise SSDs, while consumer applications scale back amid cost pressures

TrendForce’s latest memory pricing survey reveals that DRAM suppliers are reallocating capacity toward HBM and server applications in 2Q26, while implementing catch-up pricing to narrow price gaps across product segments. Conventional DRAM contract prices are projected to rise by 58–63% QoQ despite downside risks to end-market shipments.

Meanwhile, the NAND Flash market continues to be driven by demand from AI and data centers, with price increases spreading across the entire product portfolio. Overall, NAND Flash contract prices are expected to rise by 70–75% QoQ in 2Q26.

Breaking down price trends across DRAM segments reveals that prices are expected to remain supported by tight supply. Although overall system demand in the PC DRAM market has been revised downward, suppliers have simultaneously reduced shipments to PC OEMs and module makers. As a result, OEMs with lower allocation fulfillment rates are forced to procure at higher prices from suppliers or module vendors, thereby supporting price increases.

North American CSPs are accelerating AI inference deployments, which in turn is driving demand for AI and general-purpose servers. High-capacity RDIMMs have become the primary procurement target. On the supply side, suppliers continue prioritizing server DRAM due to its superior profitability and are negotiating long-term agreements (LTAs) with key customers to support future capacity expansion. However, it is noted that near-term supply remains tight.

In the smartphone segment, brands continue to face mounting pressure from rising memory costs and may adjust production plans starting from 2Q26. However, demand for mobile DRAM is not expected to contract significantly in the first half of the year. As suppliers finalize 2Q pricing with key customers and establish a baseline for price increases—while also seeking to narrow price gaps across applications through catch-up pricing—mobile DRAM contract prices are expected to continue rising from the previous quarter.

For graphics DRAM, rising memory costs are weighing on demand for notebooks and gaming devices, while limited capacity allocation to GDDR continues to constrain supply. Prices are therefore expected to increase further in 2Q26.

As for consumer DRAM, customers are primarily focused on low-cost, high-volume products with thin margins. The ongoing price increases since early 2025 have pushed memory costs above selling prices for some products, leading to a slight slowdown in procurement demand. However, the gradual withdrawal of major suppliers from the consumer DRAM segment remains the key driver of market imbalance, and supply shortages have yet to ease.

AI computing arms race intensifies, and capacity crowding continues to drive NAND Flash prices higher

In 2Q26, the magnitude of growth remains limited despite NAND Flash suppliers increasing bit output through process upgrades and higher QLC adoption. Demand from AI servers remains strong, while PC and smartphone vendors are forced to reduce product capacities to curb demand for NAND Flash.

Anticipation is growing among buyers that client SSD prices will rise further, even though the demand for PCs has yet to bounce back. There's also concern that server demand could take up all the available capacity, prompting buyers to restock their inventory. Meanwhile, suppliers are focused on maximizing their profits by maintaining prices through the second quarter, which they aim to achieve by continuing to limit supply to client SSDs.

Demand for high-performance SSDs has grown significantly as generative AI enters a phase of large-scale adoption—with enterprise SSD orders showing no signs of slowing. A clear shortage is expected in 2026, with meaningful capacity expansion unlikely until late 2027 or 2028. CSPs are willing to accept higher prices and sign LTAs to secure a stable supply, further reinforcing suppliers’ pricing power.

For eMMC/UFS, despite a weak smartphone market, demand for high-speed transmission driven by AI features in flagship devices remains rigid, while automotive and industrial demand has also seen modest recovery. From a supply perspective, eMMC/UFS shares overlapping process capacity with enterprise SSD, but offers significantly lower margins. This has led to the tightest supply gap across all product segments, with prices expected to rise sharply in 2Q26.

As demand in the retail market, as well as for memory cards and USB drives, continues to contract under pricing pressure, module makers are facing dual challenges in costs and sales, leading to reduced demand for NAND Flash wafers. Considering inventory adjustments and profitability, wafers have become the lowest priority for supplier shipments. Wafers are expected to remain on an upward trend in the second quarter, driven by extremely limited market availability.

For more information on TrendForce’s semiconductor reports and market data, please visit the Report Page , leave a Message , or Email (SR_MI@trendforce.com) the Sales Department.

For more on the latest technology industry news and trends, please visit News .

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打开原文

智能代理推高存储需求预期

重要性3/5 中

提供跨DRAM、HBM与NAND的长期需求和市场规模框架,覆盖主要相关标的;预测绝对值较高且缺少完整测算细节。

中文摘要

核心结论

TrendForce认为,智能代理式AI的连续推理、上下文缓存和更高CPU配置,将扩大HBM、DRAM与高性能NAND的需求,并把2026年全球内存市场预测从5,516亿美元上调至8,893亿美元,2027年预测上调至逾1.28万亿美元。该框架强调需求与供应缺口,但预测幅度很大,需以云服务商资本开支、服务器部署和实际合同价格检验。

重要性评级

评级:3/5(中)

文章给出DRAM、NAND和总内存市场的高增长预测,直接关联三星电子、SK海力士、美光科技(MU)、铠侠和闪迪(SNDK);但发布于05/29(未给出具体时刻),且多项规模预测来自单一研究机构。

关键事实

  • TrendForce将2026年全球内存市场预测由5,516亿美元上调至8,893亿美元;2027年预测由8,427亿美元上调至逾1.28万亿美元,对应约44%的年度增长。
  • 文章称智能代理式AI的推理由单次查询转为连续迭代,KV cache(键值缓存)随上下文窗口扩大而增加;重复计算会显著增加算力成本,从而增加HBM与DRAM需求。
  • 下一代AI服务器的CPU与GPU配置比例正由传统1:8向1:4或更高变化;英伟达NVL72机架采用1:2配置,文章据此推断服务器DRAM容量需求增加。
  • HBM生产消耗更多晶圆,压缩传统DRAM可用产能;TrendForce预计合同价格的上行势头可延续至2027年。
  • 2026年DRAM市场预测被上调至6,187亿美元,同比增长303%;2027年预测为9,033亿美元,同比增长46%。
  • 全球九大云服务商2026年资本开支预计增长79%,资本密集度升至34%。
  • TrendForce将2026年NAND市场预测上调至2,706亿美元,同比增长280.7%;2027年接近3,794亿美元,同比增长40.2%。

作者观点与证据

作者把市场预测上调归因于智能代理式AI的令牌消耗、推理缓存、CPU配比变化和云服务商资本开支。文章提供了预测值、平台配置和资本开支指标,但没有列出九家云服务商名单、测算口径、底层出货量或价格假设;数千亿美元级预测应视为机构情景判断。

与相关标的的关系

三星电子(005930.KS)、SK海力士(000660.KS)和美光科技(MU)直接对应DRAM、HBM与供应紧缺叙事。铠侠(285A.T)和闪迪(SNDK)与企业级固态硬盘、NAND高性能方案需求相关。其他相关标的未在原文获得公司级别经营数据,文章不能据此推导各公司的收入或市占变化。

时效性与限制(仅在有新增信息时)

文章发布于05/29(未给出具体时刻),检索时间为美东时间 07/31 23:21(UTC+8 08/01 11:21)。文中增长预测覆盖2026年至2027年,未构成当日订单、出货或价格事实。

后续跟踪

  • 九大云服务商资本开支与AI服务器部署是否接近79%的增长预测。
  • NVL72及后续平台的实际CPU、GPU和服务器DRAM配置。
  • HBM晶圆占用对传统DRAM供给及合同价格的影响。
  • 企业级固态硬盘、SLC(单层单元)与pSLC(伪单层单元)产品的订单和价格数据。

证据限制:Original text is extracted for private station-internal report reading under configured access protection.

原文
Agentic AI Drives Structural Expansion in Memory Demand, Global Memory Market Projected to Reach US$1.28 Trillion by 2027, Says TrendForce

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Agentic AI Drives Structural Expansion in Memory Demand, Global Memory Market Projected to Reach US$1.28 Trillion by 2027, Says TrendForce

29 May 2026

Semiconductors

TrendForce

The shift in AI development from large-scale model training toward inference-centric Agentic AI applications is driving a structural expansion in memory demand, according to TrendForce's latest findings on the memory industry. With the resulting supply deficit unlikely to be resolved in the short term, prices are set to rise further.

TrendForce has therefore significantly raised its global memory market forecasts, increasing its 2026 estimate from US$551.6 billion in the previous report to $889.3 billion. Meanwhile, the 2027 forecast has been revised upward from $842.7 billion to more than $1.28 trillion, representing annual growth of approximately 44%.

DRAM demand trends indicate that inference requests in Agentic AI systems are evolving from single queries into continuous iterative cycles. Furthermore, KV cache capacity is scaling proportionally with larger context windows. If recalculation is required, compute costs will increase exponentially. As a result, efficient KV cache management has become critical to AI inference performance, directly driving demand for HBM and DRAM.

Agentic AI workloads are significantly increasing CPU requirements for scheduling, data preprocessing, and memory management. In next-generation AI server platforms, CPU-to-GPU ratios have gradually shifted from the traditional 1:8 toward 1:4 or higher. For example, NVIDIA’s NVL72 rack adopts a 1:2 configuration. This means rising CPU deployment is expected to expand server DRAM capacity requirements while simultaneously supporting procurement volumes and contract pricing.

Additionally, the growing wafer consumption associated with HBM production is compressing available capacity for conventional DRAM. Under expanding demand conditions, this further strengthens suppliers’ pricing power in contract negotiations, with upward pricing momentum expected to extend through 2027.

TrendForce therefore raised its 2026 DRAM market forecast to $618.7 billion—representing annual growth of 303%—while 2027 revenue is projected to further expand to $903.3 billion, up 46% YoY.

In the NAND flash sector, combined capital expenditures from the world’s nine largest CSPs continue to rise rapidly, with 2026 growth projected to reach 79%. Capital intensity is also expected to increase to 34%, reflecting a strategic shift from demand-driven capacity expansion toward large-scale AI infrastructure investment aimed at securing long-term competitive advantages.

The underlying driver is likewise Agentic AI. AI agents are significantly increasing enterprise usage, with heavy users consuming up to four times more tokens than before. At the same time, the growing complexity of AI-generated media content is substantially accelerating token consumption.

Facing massive and continuously rising memory demand, HBM remains too costly for broad deployment at scale, while HDDs are constrained by access speed and limitations on power consumption, making them unsuitable for real-time AI data center workloads.

This dynamic is creating significant growth opportunities for NAND solutions. From SCM SSDs and HBF to SLC/pSLC SSDs, a wide range of high-performance SSD technologies are rapidly penetrating AI inference, training, and agentic workloads across multiple layers of the ecosystem, emerging as key growth drivers.

NAND flash pricing remains resilient thanks to strong demand and constrained supply. TrendForce has revised its 2026 global market forecast for NAND flash upward to $270.6 billion, representing annual growth of 280.7%. The 2027 market is projected to further expand to nearly $379.4 billion as it maintains a strong annual growth of 40.2%.

For more information on TrendForce’s semiconductor reports and market data, please visit the Report Page , leave a Message , or Email (SR_MI@trendforce.com) the Sales Department.

For more on the latest technology industry news and trends, please visit News .

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Diverging Memory Market Outlook in 2027 as DRAM Supply Remains Tight While NAND Flash Supply Conditions Ease, Says TrendForce

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Western DigitalFY2026 Q4业绩业绩演示上一季指引HDD业务边界、财务、nearline EB、云端结构、40TB ePMR与Q1指引
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